MVC Architecture

MVC Architecture

MVC Architecture
 

The Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture is a design pattern used in software development to separate an application into three interconnected components. CodeIgniter is a PHP framework that follows the MVC pattern, which helps in organizing code and improving maintainability. Here’s a brief overview of how MVC is implemented in CodeIgniter:
 

1. Model
 

Purpose: The Model represents the data and the business logic of the application. It interacts with the database to retrieve and store data.

Responsibilities:

  • Data Management: Fetch, update, insert, and delete data from the database or other data sources.
  • Business Logic: Implement the core functionalities and rules of the application, such as validation and calculations.
  • Data Representation: Provide methods to format or structure data for use by other components.
     

Location: application/models/
 

2. View
 

Purpose: The View is responsible for presenting the data to the user. It is the user interface of the application, which displays the data provided by the Model.
 

Responsibilities:

  • Display Data: Render the data provided by the Model into a format suitable for the user, such as HTML, JSON, or XML.
  • User Interface: Provide forms, buttons, and other elements to interact with the user.
  • Separation of Presentation Logic: Focus on how the data is presented rather than how it is manipulated.
     

 Location: application/views/ 
 

3. Controller
 

Purpose: The Controller acts as an intermediary between the Model and the View. It handles user input, processes it (often with the help of the Model), and loads the appropriate View to display the result.
 

Responsibilities:

  • Receive Requests: Handle user requests and input (e.g., form submissions, URL parameters).
  • Invoke Model Methods: Call methods on the Model to retrieve or manipulate data.
  • Load Views: Pass data to Views and load them for rendering.
  • Application Flow: Manage the application's flow and decide which View should be rendered based on the actions performed.
     

Location: application/controllers/
 

How It All Works Together
 

  1. User Request: When a user requests a page, such as visiting http://yourdomain.com/user, CodeIgniter maps this request to a specific Controller.

  2. Controller Processing: The Controller (User in the example) processes the request. It might call methods on the Model (User_model) to fetch or update data.

  3. Model Interaction: The Model interacts with the database to retrieve or manipulate data as requested by the Controller.

  4. View Rendering: Once the Controller has the necessary data, it loads the View (user_list.php in the example) and passes the data to it.

  5. Response: The View is rendered and sent back to the user’s browser, displaying the information.
     

Summary
 

 In CodeIgniter, the MVC architecture helps in maintaining a clear separation of concerns:

  • Model: Handles data and business logic.
  • View: Manages the user interface and presentation.
  • Controller: Coordinates between the Model and the View, handling user input and application flow.

 

 

 

MVC Architecture